Weight management and maintenance

Additional information

Weight management and maintenance

Weight management and maintenance doesn’t end when the GLP-1 pen runs out. In many ways, that’s when the real work begins, because holding onto your progress is its own challenge. If you’ve done brilliantly on semaglutide or tirzepatide and worry about the weight creeping back, you’re asking exactly the right question. At Medical Mojo, we believe healthcare should fit the person, not force the person to fit the system. So we build maintenance around your body and your life, with honest guidance, provider-directed support, and needle-free options where they suit you. Healthcare that fits you, for the long haul. Kept the weight off but worried it won’t last? We can help you maintain your weight loss after GLP-1 treatment.

Five key takeaways

• Obesity behaves like a chronic condition. As the STEP 1 trial extension confirmed, weight tends to return once treatment stops, which is biology, not failure.
• Most weight comes back without a plan. Trial data shows people regained around two-thirds of their loss within a year of stopping semaglutide.
• Maintenance is a phase, not an afterthought. As the tirzepatide SURMOUNT-4 trial showed, continued support protects your results.
• Habits do heavy lifting. Protein, strength training, activity, and good support all help hold weight loss, as weight management guidance describes.
• Some options are unlicensed and provider-directed. Needle-free compounded formats exist, but they’re used carefully, with honest limits, under a prescriber.

How Medical Mojo helps with weight management

• Provider-directed maintenance support after GLP-1 weight loss
• Honest, practical guidance on nutrition, movement, and habits
• Licensed treatment options where they’re clinically appropriate
• Needle-free compounded options, such as THIN sprays, unlicensed compounded medicines
• A simple eligibility check reviewed by a licensed prescriber

Weight management is led by you and your clinical team. We work alongside them, focused on maintaining your progress safely.

What you should know about weight management after GLP-1

Good weight management after GLP-1 treatment follows a clear, sensible path. First, understand that weight regain is common and biological, so you can plan for it rather than blame yourself. Second, build habits you can genuinely sustain. Third, consider whether ongoing support or treatment is right for you. Fourth, personalise the plan and review it over time.

This is the approach the evidence supports, and the one we take at Medical Mojo. As the STEP 1 trial extension and NICE guidance make clear, obesity is a long-term condition, and maintenance usually needs ongoing effort and, for some people, ongoing support. The goal isn’t a number on a scale for one week. It’s protecting your health and your progress for the long term.

Weight management overview

Weight management is the ongoing process of reaching and, crucially, keeping a healthier weight. As NHS guidance describes, obesity is a complex, long-term condition, not a simple matter of willpower, and it deserves the same steady care as any chronic condition. Good weight management treats it that way.

GLP-1 medicines like semaglutide and tirzepatide have transformed what’s possible, helping many people lose significant weight. But as the obesity literature stresses, the hardest part often comes next. When treatment stops, the body’s appetite signals tend to return, and so, frequently, does the weight. Understanding this is the first step to staying ahead of it.

The good news is that maintenance is achievable with the right plan. As the SURMOUNT-4 trial and wider guidance show, a mix of sustainable habits and, where appropriate, ongoing clinical support can protect much of your progress. None of this means you’ve done anything wrong. It means your body is doing what bodies do, and that there are sensible ways to respond.

Why does this matter? Because the maintenance phase is where hard-won results are so often lost, and it’s the phase that gets the least attention. Planning for it, rather than hoping for the best, is one of the most valuable things you can do.

Why weight comes back after GLP-1 pens stop

Weight regain after stopping a GLP-1 isn’t a lack of discipline. It’s physiology. As the STEP 1 trial extension explains, these medicines work partly by reducing appetite and altering the body’s hunger and fullness signals. When you stop, those signals largely return to how they were.

The body also defends its previous weight through changes in metabolism and appetite hormones, a process the obesity literature calls metabolic adaptation. In practice, hunger increases, fullness fades sooner, and it becomes easier to regain weight and harder to keep it off. This happens to most people, which is exactly why the trials show such consistent regain.

This is also why abruptly stopping is rarely ideal. As obesity specialists note, coming off treatment is best done thoughtfully, with a maintenance plan in place, rather than simply stopping and hoping. Knowing the biology takes the shame out of it and puts the focus where it belongs, on a sensible plan.

How common is weight regain after GLP-1?

Weight regain after stopping GLP-1 treatment is the norm rather than the exception. In the STEP 1 trial extension, participants regained around two-thirds of the weight they had lost within a year of stopping semaglutide, though almost half still kept a meaningful amount off.

The pattern holds across medicines. As the SURMOUNT-4 trial found, people who stopped tirzepatide regained a substantial share of their weight over the following year, while those who continued treatment maintained or improved their results. As a broader review of GLP-1 discontinuation notes, weight regain is also accompanied by a reversal of the heart and metabolic benefits. The message from the evidence is consistent: maintenance needs a plan, and often ongoing support.

What helps you maintain weight loss?

There’s no single trick, but several things genuinely help with weight management, and they work best together. As obesity guidance describes, sustainable habits are the foundation of maintenance.

Protein and nutrition

Prioritising protein and whole, minimally processed foods helps you feel fuller and protects muscle as your appetite returns. As the obesity literature notes, a balanced, sustainable way of eating beats any restrictive short-term diet. The aim is a pattern you can actually keep up, not a punishing one.

Strength and movement

Keeping active matters, and strength or resistance training is especially valuable. It helps preserve the muscle that supports your metabolism, which can otherwise be lost during weight change. Regular movement you enjoy, alongside some strength work, is a powerful maintenance tool.

Habits, behaviour, and support

Maintenance is as much about behaviour as biology. As NHS guidance notes, ongoing support, self-monitoring, and building steady routines all help. Many people find that structured support, whether from a clinician, a group, or a community, makes the difference between holding progress and losing it.

Sleep and stress

Poor sleep and high stress can drive appetite and make maintenance harder. Looking after these isn’t a luxury, it’s part of the plan, and small, consistent improvements add up.

Don’t stop abruptly

If you’re coming off a GLP-1, do it with a plan. As obesity specialists advise, tapering and having your maintenance strategy ready beforehand tends to work better than stopping suddenly. A pharmacist or prescriber can help you think this through.

Ongoing clinical support

For some people, the most effective way to maintain results is continued treatment, at a dose and format agreed with a prescriber. As NICE guidance recognises, obesity often needs long-term management, and there’s no shame in that.

Medication options for maintenance

For some people, habits alone hold their progress. For others, ongoing treatment is part of the plan. Any medication decision is individual and made with a prescriber.

Continuing a licensed GLP-1

The most evidence-based option is continuing a licensed GLP-1 medicine, often at a maintenance dose. As the SURMOUNT-4 trial showed, staying on treatment protects results far better than stopping. Licensed injectable GLP-1 medicines have by far the strongest evidence base for weight management, and they’re the benchmark against which everything else is measured.

Needle-free compounded option: THIN sprays

Injections don’t suit everyone. Some people are needle-phobic, some travel a lot, and some simply want a format that fits more easily into daily life, especially during the maintenance phase, when the goal is steady, sustainable support rather than rapid weight loss. For this, we offer a needle-free compounded option containing semaglutide or tirzepatide, made as unlicensed medicines and only ever supplied within a provider-directed programme.

THIN sprays: support in the moment

THIN sprays, part of our Healthy Sprays range, work differently. They’re a sublingual spray, used under the tongue as and when you need it, typically shortly before a meal or before you’re likely to eat. The idea is to take the edge off hunger just when it matters most, with the aim of helping you feel satisfied sooner and making it easier to manage portion sizes at the table. Because they’re used in the moment rather than on a fixed schedule, many people find them a flexible, discreet tool for the situations they find hardest, whether that’s a buffet, a long day out, or an evening when the fridge keeps calling.

Why people choose the needle-free route

• No needles, which suits anyone who is needle-phobic
• No refrigeration, so they’re easy to store and to travel with
• Small and portable, so they fit discreetly in a bag or pocket
• Flexible, with a steady weekly option and an as-required option
• Simple to use, with no injecting technique to learn

SLIM Films: needle-free buccal semaglutide

Injections don’t suit everyone. Some people are needle-phobic, some travel constantly, and some simply want a format that fits more easily into daily life once the active weight loss phase is over.

SLIM Films are mucoadhesive buccal films containing semaglutide, compounded to prescriber order by our compounding partner APC Labs Ltd (GPhC 9012301, Southampton). You place the film against the inner cheek, where it adheres and dissolves over a few minutes. The semaglutide absorbs through the buccal mucosa, bypassing the digestive system entirely.

They come in two strengths, and both are used once or twice weekly rather than daily.

How SLIM Films work in practice

• The film adheres to the inner cheek and hydrates from saliva
• Menthol in the formulation acts as a permeation enhancer, improving absorption through the mucosa
• Semaglutide releases gradually as the film dissolves, then reaches GLP-1 receptors through the circulation
• Gastric acid and first-pass liver metabolism are both bypassed
• The Novafilm base is suitable for vegetarians and dissolves without residue
• Films stay stable at room temperature, so there’s no cold chain and nothing to refrigerate
• Steady state builds over roughly four to five weeks, so judge the effect over weeks rather than days

Practical points matter here. The films are individually foil-wrapped, small, discreet, and need no water, no technique, and no fridge. For people whose main barrier to ongoing support was the injection itself, that changes the calculation entirely.

Choosing between 1mg and 2mg

The two strengths do different jobs, and higher isn’t automatically better.

• SLIM Films 1mg suit standard weight maintenance. This is the lighter option, for people stepping down from maintenance-dose injections who want the least ongoing support that still helps. Gastrointestinal side effects are generally milder at this strength.
• SLIM Films 2mg suit higher-intensity ongoing support. This strength fits people transitioning from higher-dose injections, or those who found 1mg too light.
• Starting at 1mg and stepping up if needed is often sensible. Stepping down from 2mg to 1mg once things are stable is equally reasonable.
• Never combine the two strengths, and never combine either with another GLP-1 medicine.

Your prescriber decides which strength fits, based on the doses you were on, how long since you stopped, and where your weight is heading now.

What SLIM Films don’t claim to do

We’d rather be straight with you than sell you something.

• They aren’t equivalent to a weight-loss dose injection, and they don’t drive new weight loss
• They don’t guarantee that weight stays off, because weight maintenance is genuinely multifactorial
• They don’t replace dietary changes, activity, and sleep
• They’re unlicensed compounded medicines, so the evidence base for buccal semaglutide specifically is smaller than for licensed injectables, even though the semaglutide molecule itself is extensively studied
• Buccal absorption is less consistent than subcutaneous injection
• Some people find 1mg simply isn’t enough, and either step up or return to injections

If your weight starts drifting upwards on a maintenance film, that’s useful information rather than a personal failure. Tell us, and we’ll adjust.

THIN sprays: support in the moment

THIN sprays, part of our Healthy Sprays range, work differently. They’re a sublingual spray containing semaglutide or tirzepatide, used under the tongue as and when you need it, typically shortly before a meal or before you’re likely to eat.

The idea is to take the edge off hunger just when it matters most, helping you feel satisfied sooner and making portion sizes easier to manage at the table. Because you use them in the moment rather than on a fixed schedule, many people find them a flexible tool for the situations they find hardest, whether that’s a buffet, a long day out, or an evening when the fridge keeps calling.

Like SLIM Films, THIN sprays are unlicensed compounded medicines supplied only within a prescriber-directed programme, and the evidence for sublingual absorption of these peptides remains limited.

Films or sprays?

Both are needle-free and both are compounded. So the choice usually comes down to how you want the support to feel.

• SLIM Films give a steady weekly background level of appetite support through prolonged mucosal contact
• THIN sprays give faster, as-required support aimed at specific eating situations
• Films suit people who prefer a set routine and dislike the spray sensation
• Sprays suit people whose difficulty is situational rather than constant
• Some people find one format simply more comfortable than the other, and that’s a legitimate reason to choose

Whichever you consider, the habits still do the heavy lifting. These options exist to make sustaining those habits easier, not to replace them.

Where each option fits in your weight maintenance journey

A staged view helps explain why the same person needs different things at different times.

• Assessment and preparation, covering clinical review, lifestyle foundations, and baseline measurements
• Active weight loss with full-dose licensed injectable GLP-1 therapy
• Consolidation, with continued injections at reduced doses
• Transition, where you reduce the injection dose or move to an alternative approach
• Active weight maintenance, where higher-intensity ongoing support fits, such as SLIM Films 2mg
• Standard weight maintenance, where lighter ongoing support fits, such as SLIM Films 1mg, alongside continued lifestyle work
• Gradual reduction, where some people step down or stop pharmacological support as habits establish
• Long-term monitoring, with ongoing review and weight tracking
• Re-treatment if needed, because many people need more than one treatment cycle across a lifetime

Not everyone needs every stage. Some people maintain successfully with no ongoing therapy at all, and we’ll say so plainly if that’s the honest answer for you.

Part of a bigger plan

The habits that protect weight loss, from good nutrition and protein to strength, movement, sleep, and support, still do the heavy lifting. These options are there to make that easier to sustain, not to replace it.

An honest word

We’ll always be straight with you. THIN sprays are newer, unlicensed formats, and the evidence for how well semaglutide and tirzepatide are absorbed and work when taken sublingually is still limited. They are not proven equivalents to licensed injections, they may not suit everyone, and they can cause side effects, most commonly digestive ones like nausea, especially at first. That’s exactly why they’re prescriber-only, provider-directed, and offered only after a proper assessment, so you can make an informed choice with a clinician rather than a marketing promise. If they’re not right for you, we’ll tell you, and help you find a better path.

Am I eligible for weight maintenance treatment?

These options are aimed at adults who have already used GLP-1s for weight loss and want to protect their progress. Whether any option suits you is decided by a licensed prescriber, based on your health history, your BMI, your previous treatment, and your goals.

Some people shouldn’t use GLP-1 based treatments at all. These options generally aren’t suitable if you are pregnant, planning pregnancy, or breastfeeding. Nor are they suitable with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma, with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2, with previous pancreatitis, with severe gastrointestinal disease including gastroparesis, with severe liver or kidney impairment, with active gallbladder disease, with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, or with an active eating disorder. Buccal films additionally need healthy oral mucosa to absorb properly, so active oral pathology rules them out.

A short questionnaire helps flag these, but it isn’t a diagnosis. The final decision always rests with a prescriber who reviews your individual circumstances.

Safety, side effects, and honest limits

Semaglutide and tirzepatide have well-characterised side effect profiles from licensed injectable formulations. Those considerations apply at every strength, including maintenance dosing.

Common side effects

Gastrointestinal effects lead the list, particularly early on. Expect the possibility of nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, constipation, abdominal pain, indigestion, reduced appetite, fatigue, or headache. With buccal films, mild local mucosal irritation and a menthol taste sensation are also common, and alternating cheeks between doses helps. These effects are generally milder at maintenance doses than at weight-loss doses, and they usually settle over the first few weeks. Small frequent meals, avoiding high-fat meals, and staying well hydrated all help.

Rarer risks include acute pancreatitis, gallbladder events, acute kidney injury linked to dehydration, worsening of diabetic retinopathy, and allergic reactions. Discuss these with your prescriber.

When to seek urgent medical help

• Severe upper abdominal pain radiating to the back, with nausea and vomiting, which can indicate pancreatitis
• Right upper abdominal pain, particularly after fatty meals, which can indicate gallstones
• Facial swelling, breathing difficulty, or widespread rash, which needs immediate attention on 999
• New neck lumps or persistent hoarseness
• Persistent severe vomiting or signs of dehydration
• Vision changes, if you have diabetes

The compounded medicine question

We also want to be straight about the compounded options. Because SLIM Films and THIN sprays are unlicensed compounded medicines, they haven’t been through the same licensing process or large-scale trials as licensed injectable medicines, and the evidence for these delivery formats specifically is limited. We make them available under the compounding pathway, on individual prescriber judgement, where a prescriber considers an alternative formulation meets a genuine clinical need.

They’re offered within a prescriber-directed programme for people who understand this. They aren’t a proven shortcut. If a treatment isn’t suitable for you, we’ll say so, and help you find a better path. That honesty is part of the deal.

Reporting side effects

If you experience any side effects, you can report them through the MHRA Yellow Card Scheme at https://yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk/. Reporting helps improve safety information for everyone.

Patient experiences and challenges

Regaining weight after working so hard to lose it can feel crushing, and it often comes with guilt that simply isn’t deserved. People tell us they felt like they’d failed, when in reality their body was following predictable biology. That distinction matters.

Many also tell us they were given a GLP-1 and then left without a weight maintenance plan, unsure what to do when treatment ended. That gap in support is common, and it isn’t your fault. Regain reflects the chronic nature of obesity, not a lack of effort or willpower.

Here’s what we want you to hear. You are not weak, and you have not failed. Obesity is a long-term medical condition, and needing ongoing support to manage it is completely normal. You’re the one living in your body, and you get to decide what a healthy, sustainable life looks like for you. Our job is to support that with honesty and without judgement.

Why choose Medical Mojo for weight maintenance

We started Medical Mojo because too many people feel dismissed by one-size-fits-all care. Weight maintenance is a perfect example. Your body, your history, and your goals are unique, so your plan should be too. That personalisation is the first of our four pillars.

The other pillars carry it through. Guidance means our pharmacists and prescribers help you build a realistic plan, weigh your options honestly, and understand exactly what any treatment can and can’t do. Trust means we’re a UK-regulated pharmacy that’s transparent about what’s licensed and what isn’t, and we’ll never oversell an unlicensed option. Community means we show up for people, even when there’s nothing to buy, and we treat obesity as the medical condition it is.

Most weight management services stop paying attention once the weight has come off. We think the opposite. The maintenance phase is where results are lost, patients are discharged at exactly the point support matters most, and ongoing support should be proportionate rather than maximal. The lowest effective level of support is usually the right target.

Dr Rosalind Jex

Our service is shaped by the philosophy of Dr Rosalind Jex, our brand pharmacist. She represents the spirit of the pharmacy: evidence-led, community-rooted, and willing to challenge the one-size-fits-all approach to medicine.

She is named in honour of two pioneering women in science. Rosalind Franklin, the chemist and X-ray crystallographer whose work revealed the structure of DNA. And Sophia Jex-Blake, the first female doctor in the UK, who fought the medical establishment for the right to practise.

In her steampunk laboratory, Dr Rosalind works against pharma’s standardised approach to medicine. In the real world, she represents what we stand for. Her view is straightforward: you are not broken. The system is. And we are here to change that.

How our weight maintenance service works

1. Complete the weight management consultation on medicalmojo.co.uk
2. Our UK-qualified prescriber reviews your treatment history, previous doses, and current weight trajectory
3. The prescriber assesses which approach fits, including whether no ongoing therapy is the right answer
4. If a compounded option suits, the prescriber issues a compounding order
5. APC Labs compounds your supply under GPhC-regulated compounding standards
6. Your order goes out in plain, discreet packaging with no mention of contents
7. Free prescriber support is available throughout
8. Regular review lets us adjust before any drift becomes significant

The consultation covers your weight management history, the duration and doses of previous injection therapy, weight lost, time since stopping, current trajectory, the return of food noise, relevant medical and family history, current medications, pregnancy status where applicable, and your understanding of the compounded status. It isn’t a checkbox exercise.

 

Frequently asked questions about weight maintenance

Why do people regain weight after stopping GLP-1 injections?

Because of biology, not willpower. GLP-1 medicines reduce appetite, and when you stop, those hunger and fullness signals largely return. Your body also defends its previous weight through changes in metabolism. This is why regain is so common, and why a weight maintenance plan matters.

How much weight is regained after stopping semaglutide or tirzepatide?

Often a lot, though not always all of it. In the STEP 1 trial extension, people regained around two-thirds of their lost weight within a year of stopping semaglutide, while almost half kept a meaningful amount off. The SURMOUNT-4 trial showed substantial regain after stopping tirzepatide, whereas continuing treatment protected results.

What’s the best approach to weight maintenance after GLP-1?

A sustainable mix of habits and, for some people, ongoing support. Prioritise protein, strength training, regular activity, good sleep, and structured support. Avoid stopping treatment abruptly. For some people, continuing a licensed GLP-1 at a maintenance dose is the most effective option. A prescriber can help you plan.

What are SLIM Films?

They’re mucoadhesive buccal films containing semaglutide, placed against the inner cheek and left to dissolve over a few minutes. They come in 1mg and 2mg strengths, are used once or twice weekly, and need no needles and no refrigeration. They’re unlicensed compounded medicines, made to prescriber order by APC Labs Ltd, and supplied only after clinical assessment.

How quickly do SLIM Films work?

Gradually. Steady state plasma concentrations build over roughly four to five weeks, with the full effect usually established by six to eight weeks. The effect at maintenance strength is subtle by design, so judge it over weeks rather than days. Individual variation is significant.

Should I choose SLIM Films or THIN sprays?

It depends on what you need. SLIM Films give steady weekly background support through prolonged mucosal contact. THIN sprays give faster, as-required support before meals. Films suit a set routine; sprays suit situational difficulty. Your prescriber can talk through which fits your pattern.

Are compounded semaglutide films and sprays licensed and proven?

No, and we’ll be honest about that. They’re unlicensed compounded medicines, so they haven’t been through the same licensing process or large trials as licensed injectable medicines, and the evidence for these delivery formats is limited. Licensed injectable GLP-1 medicines have the strongest evidence. These options are prescriber-only and prescriber-directed, chosen after an informed discussion.

Will maintenance treatment stop me regaining weight?

It may help, but nothing guarantees it. Stopping GLP-1 therapy entirely is associated with substantial regain, and ongoing low-level support may protect against some of that. However, no maintenance dose guarantees weight stays off, lifestyle habits remain the foundation, and regular review lets you act before drift becomes significant.

Can I combine films, sprays, and injections?

No. Never combine SLIM Films with another GLP-1 formulation, including THIN sprays, tirzepatide films, or any injectable. Never combine the 1mg and 2mg film strengths either. Choose one approach at a time, under prescriber direction.

Can I use these while pregnant or breastfeeding?

No. Semaglutide and tirzepatide are contraindicated in pregnancy and breastfeeding. Stop treatment at least two months before planned conception, and use effective contraception during treatment if you could become pregnant. Contact your prescriber straight away if you become pregnant during treatment.

Who can use these weight maintenance options?

Adults who have already used GLP-1s for weight loss, where a prescriber judges it appropriate. They generally aren’t suitable in pregnancy or breastfeeding, or with conditions such as previous pancreatitis, medullary thyroid cancer, multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2, severe gastrointestinal disease, significant liver or kidney impairment, or an active eating disorder. A short eligibility check helps, but a prescriber makes the final decision.

By the Medical Mojo editorial team. Medically reviewed by a GPhC-registered Independent Prescriber and Superintendent Pharmacist. Last reviewed: August 2026.

Important disclaimer

• This page is for general information and education. It isn’t medical advice, and it isn’t a substitute for a consultation with a qualified healthcare professional. GLP-1 medicines are prescription-only and not suitable for everyone.
• SLIM Films and THIN sprays are unlicensed compounded medicines with limited evidence for their delivery formats, supplied only within a prescriber-directed programme after clinical assessment. They are not proven equivalents to licensed injectable medicines and they do not replace clinician-directed weight-loss care. Semaglutide is contraindicated in medullary thyroid carcinoma, multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2, previous pancreatitis, pregnancy, and breastfeeding.
• Signs of pancreatitis, meaning severe upper abdominal pain radiating to the back with nausea and vomiting, need urgent medical assessment. Signs of severe allergic reaction, meaning facial swelling, breathing difficulty, or widespread rash, need immediate medical attention on 999.
• Always speak to a prescriber or pharmacist before starting, stopping, or changing any treatment.

References

[1] Wilding, J.P.H. et al. (2022) ‘Weight regain and cardiometabolic effects after withdrawal of semaglutide: the STEP 1 trial extension’, Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 24(8), pp. 1553–1564. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9542252/ (Accessed: 24 August 2026).

[2] Aronne, L.J. et al. (2024) ‘Continued treatment with tirzepatide for maintenance of weight reduction in adults with obesity: the SURMOUNT-4 randomized clinical trial’, JAMA, 331(1), pp. 38–48. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2023.24945 (Accessed: 24 August 2026).

[3] Rubino, D. et al. (2021) ‘Effect of continued weekly subcutaneous semaglutide vs placebo on weight loss maintenance in adults with overweight or obesity: the STEP 4 randomized clinical trial’, JAMA, 325(14), pp. 1414–1425. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.3224 (Accessed: 24 August 2026).

[4] Wilding, J.P.H. et al. (2021) ‘Once-weekly semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity’, New England Journal of Medicine, 384(11), pp. 989–1002. (STEP 1)

[5] Lincoff, A.M. et al. (2023) ‘Semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in obesity without diabetes’, New England Journal of Medicine, 389(24), pp. 2221–2232. (SELECT)

[6] National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (2023) Semaglutide for managing overweight and obesity (TA875). Available at: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ta875 (Accessed: 24 August 2026).

[7] National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (2024) Tirzepatide for managing overweight and obesity (TA1026). Available at: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ta1026 (Accessed: 24 August 2026).

[8] National Health Service (2023) Obesity. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/obesity/ (Accessed: 24 August 2026).

[9] Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (2023) The supply of unlicensed medicinal products (specials), Guidance Note 14. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/supply-unlicensed-medicinal-products-specials (Accessed: 24 August 2026).